Trong bài Tin Mừng hôm nay, Chúa Giêsu cảnh báo các môn đệ không nên hẹp hòi tâm hồn khi từ chối đón nhận và học hỏi những điều mới. Chúa Giêsu đã dùng một hình ảnh quen thuộc và thực tế với nggười Do thái đó là hình ảnh miếng vải mới dùng đề vá lên chiếc áo cũ, khi miếng vải mới bị thấm nước rồi khi khô lại sẽ làm co rút chỗ vá và chiêc áo cũ sẽ rách to thêm, hay là hình ảnh thực tiễn nhất đó bầu rượu da mới và cũ. Trong thời của Chúa Giêsu, rượu đã được đựng trong các bầu làm bằng da thú vì thời đó chưa có chai… (chai ly lông như hôm nay.)
Rượu mới đổ vào bầu da vẫn lúc còn lên men làm các chất khí phản ứng và gây ra áp suất cao. bầu da mới rất dễ đàn hồi và đủ để chịu đựng những áp suất cáo của rượu mới, nhưng nếu rượu mới đựng trong bầu da cũ, bầu da cũ đã được dùng và đã mất hết sự đàn hồi, nên khi rượu mới lên mem, bầu da cũ rất dòn và dễ bể và làm đổ hết rượu.
Tại sao Chúa Giêsu đã có sự so sánh ý nghĩa này? Có phải chúng ta đang từ cũ thay mới? Thời gian phải ăn chay và dự tiệc thoải mái phải đúng nơi và phải đúng lúc. Vì thế phải có một nơi thích hợp riêng cho cái cũ cũng như cái mới. Thử nghĩ, chúng ta sẽ bị thiệt thòi như thế nào nếu chúng ta chỉ có một Kinh Thánh Cựu Ước hay Kinh Thánh một Tân Ước mà thôi. Thiên Chúa đã ban cho chúng ta sự khôn ngoan để chúng ta có thể thực hiện việc sử dụng cả hai Kinh Thánh Cựu Ước và Tân Ước một cách hoàn hảo nhất. Chúa không bao giờ muốn chúng ta bảo tồn "cứng ngắc" về quá khứ và chống đối mãnh liệt công việc mới của Chúa Thánh Thần trong cuộc sống của chúng ta. Chúa muốn tâm hồn và trái tim của chúng ta được nên giống như bầu rượu da mới được mở ra và sẵn sàng để nhận được rượu mới của Chúa Thánh Thần.
Chúng ta mong muốn được phát triển trong kiến thức và sự hiểu biết qua lời của Thiên Chúa và những kế hoạch mà Ngài đã sắp đặt sẵn cho cuộc sống của chúng ta ?
Which comes first, fasting or feasting? The disciples of John the Baptist were upset with Jesus' disciples because they did not fast (Mark 2:18). Fasting was one of the three most important religious duties, along with prayer and almsgiving. Jesus gave a simple explanation. There's a time for fasting and a time for feasting (or celebrating).
To walk as a disciple with Jesus is to experience a whole new joy of relationship akin to the joy of the wedding party in celebrating with the groom and bride their wedding bliss. But there also comes a time when the Lord's disciples must bear the cross of affliction and purification. For the disciple there is both a time for rejoicing in the Lord's presence and celebrating his goodness and a time for seeking the Lord with humility and fasting and for mourning over sin. Do you take joy in the Lord's presence with you and do you express sorrow and contrition for your sins? The closed mind that rejects all of God's Word
Jesus says the kingdom of heaven is like a householder who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old (Matthew 13:52). How impoverished we would be if we only had the Old Testament books of Scripture or the New Testament books of Scripture, rather than both. The Lord gives us wisdom so we can make the best use of both the old and the new. He doesn't want us to hold rigidly to the past and to be resistant to the new work of his Holy Spirit in our lives. He wants our minds and hearts to be like new wine skins - open and ready to receive the new wine of the Holy Spirit. Are you eager to grow in the knowledge and understanding of God's word and plan for your life?
Lord Jesus, fill me with your Holy Spirit, that I may grow in the knowledge of your great love and truth. Help me to seek you earnestly in prayer and fasting that I may turn away from sin and wilfulness and conform my life more fully to your will. May I always find joy in knowing, loving, and serving You who are My All.
The disciples of John and of the Pharisees were accustomed to fast. People came to Jesus and objected, “Why do the disciples of John and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast?” Jesus answered them, “Can the wedding guests fast while the bridegroom is with them?” Mark 2:18–19
Fasting was common in Old Testament times. Its purpose was to express repentance, mourning, or preparation for divine intervention. This was especially true among John the Baptist’s disciples who fasted in response to John’s call to repentance and preparation for the coming of the Messiah.
Though the Pharisees fasted, their fasting was often for show, to illustrate a false piety. Recall the Pharisee’s prayer in the Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector: “The Pharisee took up his position and spoke this prayer to himself, ‘O God, I thank you that I am not like the rest of humanity—greedy, dishonest, adulterous—or even like this tax collector. I fast twice a week, and I pay tithes on my whole income’” (Luke 18:11–12).
In today’s Gospel, Jesus explains that His disciples do not fast now, but that a day is coming when they will need to fast. Jesus explains this within the context of revealing His divine identity as the Bridegroom of God’s people.
Through the prophets, God often described His relationship with His people in terms of a marriage covenant. Isaiah said, “For your husband is your Maker; the LORD of hosts is his name, Your redeemer, the Holy One of Israel, called God of all the earth” (Isaiah 54:5). Hosea prophesied, “I will betroth you to me forever: I will betroth you to me with justice and with judgment, with loyalty and with compassion…” (Hosea 2:22–23).
While Jesus, the Bridegroom, was with them physically, His disciples were at their wedding banquet, celebrating the new marriage covenant God was establishing with them. It was inappropriate to fast at such a banquet. However, “the days will come when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast on that day” (Mark 2:20). This is a reference to Jesus’ Passion, Death, and Ascension. He prophesied that once the New Marital Covenant was sealed in His Blood and His earthly mission completed, “they will fast on that day.” That day is today!
In the early Church, fasting was also common: “While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the holy Spirit said, ‘Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.’ Then, completing their fasting and prayer, they laid hands on them and sent them off” (Acts 13:2–3). In this instance, fasting helped the teachers and prophets in Antioch discern Saul and Barnabas’ mission in preparation for sending them forth.
Today, Jesus not only calls us to regular forms of fasting and mortification, doing so is an essential part of our spiritual journey. This teaching is clear in the New Testament. For example, at the beginning of Jesus’ ministry He entered the desert and “fasted for forty days and forty nights” (Matthew 4:2). This models for us the value of fasting as we attempt to fulfill our missions and overcome the temptations of the evil one.
If we want to imitate our Lord, deepen our covenantal bond with Him, and further His mission, then we must regularly fast. Though fasting is only required twice a year—on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday—we are encouraged to do so weekly, especially on Fridays, uniting this practice to our prayer life.
Reflect today on your practice of fasting and other forms of regular mortification. Fasting is an interior discipline that unites us to the suffering Christ and prepares our hearts to receive His abundant grace. By helping us overcome the enticements of the flesh and distractions of this world, fasting refocuses our souls on the eternal wedding feast that awaits us in Heaven. Embrace fasting not as a burden, but as a joyful opportunity to grow in holiness, deepen your covenantal relationship with the Bridegroom, and prepare more fully for the mission on which He sends you.
My Lord and Bridegroom, through the shedding of Your Blood, You have established a New Covenant of love and salvation with me. I long to deepen this covenant and remain faithful to the mission You have entrusted to me. When I am tempted by the disorder of my appetites or distracted by the allurements of the world, remind me of the necessity and grace of fasting. Help me to embrace this holy practice with joyful anticipation of its spiritual rewards and with greater trust in Your providence. Jesus, I trust in You.
1. The Third Conflict: We are reading a series of five conflicts in Mark’s Gospel. In the first story, which we read on Friday, the scribes thought Jesus was committing the sin of blasphemy by claiming for himself the divine authority and ability to forgive sins. In the second conflict (Mark 2:13-17), which we read on Saturday, the Pharisees tried to sow division between Jesus and his disciples by pointing out how Jesus ate with tax collectors and sinners. The third conflict, which we read in today’s Gospel, concerns the practice of fasting. The opposition comes from the people who are concerned that while the disciples of John the Baptist and those of the Pharisees fasted, Jesus’ disciples did not. In each conflict, Jesus was doing something good but was falsely accused of doing something evil. Jesus forgives sins but is accused of blasphemy. Jesus calls public sinners to follow him, but is accused of becoming unclean through association with them. In today’s third conflict, Jesus is accused of an omission because he does not seem to demand ascetical and pious practice from his disciples. Do I falsely judge and accuse others? Am I guilty of labelling as evil what is good?
“Can the wedding guests fast while the bridegroom is with them? As long as they have the bridegroom with them they cannot fast. But the days will come when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast on that day.” Mark 2:19–20
The passage above reveals Jesus’ response to the disciples of John the Baptist and some Pharisees who question Jesus about fasting. They point out that the disciples of John and the Pharisees each follow the Jewish laws on fasting, but Jesus’ disciples do not. Jesus’ answer goes to the heart of the new law on fasting.
Fasting is a wonderful spiritual practice. It helps to strengthen the will against disordered fleshly temptations and helps to bring purity to one’s soul. But it needs to be pointed out that fasting is not an eternal reality. One day, when we are face-to-face with God in Heaven, there will no longer be any need to fast or do any form of penance. But while on earth, we will struggle and fall and lose our way, and one of the best spiritual practices to help us return to Christ is prayer and fasting combined.
Fasting becomes necessary “when the bridegroom is taken away.” In other words, fasting is necessary when we sin and our union with Christ begins to fade. It is then that the personal sacrifice of fasting helps open our hearts once again to our Lord. This is especially true when habits of sin form and become deeply ingrained. Fasting adds much power to our prayer and stretches our souls so as to be able to receive the “new wine” of God’s grace where we need it the most.
Reflect, today, upon your approach to fasting and other penitential practices. Do you fast? Do you make regular sacrifices so as to strengthen your will and help you to turn more fully to Christ? Or has this healthy spiritual practice been somewhat neglected in your life? Renew your commitment to this holy endeavor today and God will work powerfully in your life.
Lord, I open my heart to the new wine of grace that You wish to pour forth upon me. Help me to be properly disposed to this grace and to use every means necessary to become more open to You. Help me, especially, to commit to the wonderful spiritual practice of fasting. May this act of mortification in my life bear abundant fruit for Your Kingdom. Jesus, I trust in You.
1. The Old Wine of Moses: One of the responsibilities given to King Saul by the prophet Samuel was to utterly destroy the sinful Amalekites (1 Samuel 15:1-3). Centuries before, the Amalekites tried to ambush and kill the people of Israel as they were leaving Egypt (Exodus 17:8-16). As a punishment, the Amalekites dwelling in Canaan were put under the ban of destruction. This was the law given by Moses in the Book of Deuteronomy (20:16-18). Israel was to utterly destroy the Amalekites when they conquered the land of Canaan.
Hôm nay cả hai bài đọc đã thách thức chúng ta trả lời hai câu hỏi quan trọng trong cuộc sống của chúng ta, cụ thể là, "Chúng ta có biết được những ý của Thiên Chúa muốn nơi chúng ta là những gì không?" Và " chúng ta phải làm theo những gì để sống theo như ý muốn của Thiên Chúa?"
Trong Bài Đọc I, vua Saul đã nghĩ rằng ông đã nghe theo tiếng nói của Chúa bằng việc hiến tế những hy lễ toàn thiêu lên Thiên Chúa . Trong bài Tin Mừng, người Pharisêu, đã ăn chay theo luật Do Thái, Họ nghĩ là họ đã làm như thế là họ đã vâng lời Thiên Chúa. Thậm chí họ còn ăn chay hai lần một tháng.
Vì vậy, để biết hay nhận thức rõ được ý muốn của Thiên Chúa, chúng ta cần phải tự hỏi chính mình: "Chúng ta có mối quan hệ gì với Thiên Chúa ?" Để biết ý muốn của Thiên Chúa một cách rõ ràng hơn, chúng ta cần phải phân biệt rõ ràng những động tác, hay hành động riêng của chúng ta hay là những ý thúc đẩy bởi ơn Chúa Thánh Thần. Thứ hai là chúng ta cũng cần biết phân biệt những động tác được thúc đẩy bởi Chúa Thánh Thần và những thức đẩy của ma quỷ.
Nếu chúng ta biết luôn cầu nguyện trước mỗi công việc, chúng ta dựa trên sự hướng dẫn của Chúa Thánh Thần và các dấu hiệu của thời gian, và bằng cách này, chúng ta được phát triển trong sự nhận thức mục đích của Thiên Chúa trong đời sống chúng ta một cách rõ rang hơn.
"Lạy Chúa, xin ban cho chúng con có được một tinh thần sáng suốt trong những việc làm, trong sự phản ứng với những thử thách hàng ngày trong cuộc sống của chúng con."
Today’s two readings challenge us to address two important questions in our lives, namely, “Do we know what is God's will for us?” and “What does it entail to do the will of God?”
In the first reading, King Saul thought that he had obeyed the voice of the Lord by offering holocausts and sacrifices. In the Gospel, the Pharisees, by fasting according to the rules and regulations of the established religion, deemed that they had obeyed the will of God. They even fasted twice a month. So, to know or discern the will of God, we need to ask ourselves: “What is my relationship with God?” as this is the basis upon which God reveals His will for us. Then we enter into the process of waiting and listening to God’s revelation. It may involve the ‘letting go' of the old wine and garment as Jesus used the example of the new patch and new wine to illustrate the newness of the reality of the Kingdom.
In order to know God’s will better, we need to discriminate the movements which are merely from ourselves or those prompted by some other spirits. Secondly to discriminate those movements which are prompted by the Holy Spirit and those from the other spirits. Accompanied by ‘prayer’ we rely on the guidance of the Holy Spirit and the signs of the time. In this way we grow in discerning God’s purpose in our lives.
“Lord, grant us the spirit of discernment in our responses to our daily challenges.”
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